I am working on a research project to document the best possible android compatibility testing procedures for my company's app, we are majorly looking at a solution to reduce the no of physical devices we purchase. Other than emulators/simulators are there any other way to test android apps for compatibility on a wide range of devices without having to buy the devices? Are there any research papers/documentation that I can read through?
Android compatibility tests
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Since it is an Android question, you probably want to use the Firebase Test Lab (previously integrated into Google Play console). It's here: https://firebase.google.com/docs/test-lab/
It has a ton of devices and they can execute various tests for you. You could run your non-Android Unit tests locally or on a CI server, but Test Lab allows you to run Espresso Android UI tests on their devices.
Some really good services have popped up that allows testing against multiple devices to be quite simple. Here are just a few:
https://aws.amazon.com/device-farm/
http://www.keynote.com/
https://try.test.io/
https://testobject.com/
I've personally used AWS's device farm and found the feedback and error reporting amazing!