MSSQL Query with Variables are very slow

Question

I have a big performance Problem with my Query: I use Java Spring boot 3.1.1 with JDBCTemplate.

My Program executes this Query on MSSQL Server:

    DECLARE @P0 Integer; 
    DECLARE @P1 Integer; 
    DECLARE @P2 Integer;
    
    SET @P0 = 1476;
    SET @P1 = 1476;
    SET @P2 = 1476;
    
    select 
        *
    from 
        SL.dbo.t024 WITH (READPAST) 
        JOIN SL.dbo.t023 WITH (READPAST) ON t024.c011 = t023.c010
        JOIN SL.dbo.t346 WITH (READPAST) ON t023.c004 = t346.c002
    where 
        t024.mesoyear = @P0 
        AND t023.mesoyear = @P1 
        AND t346.mesoyear = @P2 
        AND (t024.c014 = 1 OR t024.c014 = 0)
        AND (t024.c038 IS NULL OR t346.c002 <> '999')
    Order BY
        t346.c002,
        t024.c002

It takes 8 seconds to finish! BUT when i change the Statement (in MSSQL Studio) to:

    select 
        *
    from 
        SL.dbo.t024 WITH (READPAST) 
        JOIN SL.dbo.t023 WITH (READPAST) ON t024.c011 = t023.c010
        JOIN SL.dbo.t346 WITH (READPAST) ON t023.c004 = t346.c002
    where 
        t024.mesoyear = 1476 
        AND t023.mesoyear = 1476 
        AND t346.mesoyear = 1476 
        AND (t024.c014 = 1 OR t024.c014 = 0)
        AND (t024.c038 IS NULL OR t346.c002 <> '999')
    Order BY
        t346.c002,
        t024.c002

then it takes 0 seconds to finish!

on the first Satement with Variables the MSSQL Studio Execution plan says that he didn't find the indexes, bu on the second statement he find the indexes and it is very fast! WHY??

The next one i find is that when i add OPTION (RECOMPILE) to the end of the first Query with Variable so the Query finishes in 0 seconds.

So what's the problem here? How can i solve this? i cannot test every query for OPTION (RECOMPILE) is needed!

the same could happen also with JPA and Hibernate... I dont know where the issue is! OR how i can solve this without OPTION (RECOMPILE)