How do i normalize the given entities in the database ER diagram. And also shouldn't normalization be done before making the ER diagram?

Question

This is the given ER diagram.
This requires me to convert the ER diagram to Tables/Entities, and then Normalize them to at least 3NF, now almost all the entities except the Food Items entity is in 1NF. If I remove the columns vitamins and minerals from the Food Items table and make separate tables called Food Item Vitamin with attributes (id(primary key), fooditem_id(foreign key), vitamin) and Food Item Mineral with attributes (id(primary key), fooditem_id(foreign key), mineral), these tables would also become into the 1NF form. Now how do I proceed in converting them into 2Nf and then 3NF, for this entity and the rest.