When connecting to a JMS server, does the client have to be using the same API that the server is using?

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For example, since our server is using TIBCO EMS, would I be able to connect to it using OpenJMS or WeblogicJMS?

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Miichi On

JMS standardizes the API, but not the wire-protocol. So all JMS implementations are based on the same API interfaces, but you will require different implementation libraries/jar-files in your class-path that match the server you're connecting to. In the TIBCO EMS case, if you're connecting to a EMS, you'll need tibjms.jar and possibly other of this jars; you cannot use something from OpenJMS etc. instead since they use different wire-protocols.

JMS is pretty much the same as JDBC in this regard.